ABSTRACT Restingas are a coastal component of the Atlantic Forest. They experience high temperatures and possess soils with a low capacity to retain water, low nutrient content and high salt concentrations. Studies on bryophytes of restingas have been mostly conducted in Southeastern Brazil, and so we aimed to characterize the bryophyte flora of seven areas of restinga in the Northeastern Region and to establish their floristic affinities with other restingas in Brazil. Fifty-five species were found in the studied restingas, the vast majority of which are generalist species with life forms of intermediate tolerance to desiccation and of corticicolous and terrestrial habitat. The number of species per area is low compared to the species richness of other restingas in Brazil. A cluster analysis, although based on low similarity, showed that the bryoflora from the surveyed areas is distinct from those of restingas from Bahia, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, which all form a group, and those of the coast of São Paulo, which also comprised a cluster. The heterogeneous climate, soils and vegetation structure of the studied restingas, in comparison those of the Southeast, act as selective filters for the species, thereby contributing to the distinction observed in those communities.

The vegetation of the Brazilian restinga (coastal woodland) presents a variety of species and different characteristics, encompassing fields, fruit groves and forests on quartzarenic neosols. We hypothesised that the structure of the restinga landscape along the coast of the state of Piauí is influenced by edaphic factors and presents a pattern similar to that of other northeastern restingas. We evaluated three restingas in Piauí, using the quarter method to determine their structure. Composite soil samples were collected to determine their chemical and physical properties. Edaphic variables were correlated with plant species by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Phytosociological data for all three areas indicated regenerating vegetation comprising several small individuals, 82.5% of which showed a diameter at ground level < 13 cm. We also observed considerable tillering. In two of the areas, there was a predominance of Fabaceae species, such as Caesalpinia pyramidalis and Copaifera martii. Although the structural characteristics of the restingas studied were similar to those of other northeastern restingas, the former showed lower Shannon diversity indices (2.18-2.44). The CCA indicated that species distribution was influenced by edaphic factors such as pH, aluminium content and amount of organic matter. The restingas studied were similar to others along the Brazilian coast.

Resumo Os estudos florísticos e taxonômicos de macrófitas aquáticas contribuem para a quantificação da flora, vislumbrando a riqueza e diversidade presente nos ecossistemas aquáticos. O presente estudo objetiva caracterizar a composição florística, fornecer chaves de identificação e detectar as formas biológicas das macrófitas aquáticas presentes em três reservatórios de abastecimento público, localizados em diferentes regiões fitogeográficas do estado de Pernambuco (Zona da Mata/Litoral, Agreste e Sertão). As coletas foram realizadas no período de abril de 2007 a fevereiro de 2010. Foram coletados indivíduos férteis ou não, encontrados na margem e interior dos reservatórios. Foram amostradas 59 espécies e 23 famílias, entre as quais foram mais representativas: Fabaceae (10 espécies), Asteraceae (9), Poaceae (8) e Cyperaceae (6). Dentre formas biológicas, as mais comuns foram as anfíbias com 36 espécies (61,01%) e as emergentes, com 14 espécies (23,73%). Comparativamente a outros estudos florísticos foi observado que as famílias mais representativas encontradas nesse estudo também são comuns a outros ecossistemas aquáticos. A elevada representatividade das anfíbias e emergentes deve-se, principalmente, a resistência dessas espécies a variação do volume de água nos reservatórios. Por se localizarem em diferentes zonas fitogeográficas, a flora dos reservatórios mostra-se bem distinta, com apenas uma espécie em comum.

Abstracts Floristic and taxonomic studies of aquatic macrophytes contribute to quantification of the flora showing its richness and diversity in these ecosystems. This study aims to characterize floristic composition, provide identification keys and detect life forms of aquatic macrophytes in three public water-supply reservoirs, located in different phytogeographic regions of Pernambuco (Zona da Mata/Litoral, Agreste and Sertão). The plants were collected from April 2007 to February 2010. Fertile or sterile specimens were collected on the shore and inside the reservoirs. 59 species were sampled belonging to 23 families. The most representative families were: Fabaceae (10 species), Asteraceae (9), Poaceae (8) and Cyperaceae (6). The most common life forms were amphibious with 36 species (61.01%) and emergent with 14 species (23.73%). Compared to other floristic studies, the most representative families in this study were also common in other aquatic ecosystems and the high number of amphibious and emergent plants was due mainly to the resistance of these species to variation in water level in the reservoirs. Since they are located in different phytogeographic zones, the flora of the reservoirs proved to be quite distinct, with only one species in common.

As zonas costeiras acolhem quadros de alta riqueza e relevância ecológica que as qualificam como importante ecossistema para conservação. O objetivo deste estudo foi listar as espécies que compõem a restinga da praia do Paiva e descrever a sua fisionomia. A área de restinga compreende 147 ha, situa-se no Município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, PE, sob as coordenadas 08º07'30"S e 35º00'55"W. As coletas florísticas foram realizadas durante 28 meses, em todos os estratos. O solo foi classificado como Neossolo Quartzarênico; foram determinadas duas fisionomias: a floresta não-inundável e o fruticeto aberto não-inundável. Foram listadas 124 espécies, distribuídas em 103 gêneros e 55 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Myrtaceae, com 11 espécies, Cyperaceae (10), Fabaceae (8), Euphorbiaceae (7), Rubiaceae (6) e Asteraceae (5). As espécies Anacardium occidentale, Tapirira guianensis, Chamaecrista ramosa, Protium heptaphyllum, Byrsonima sericea, Myrcia rotundifolia e Marlierea schotti são encontradas na maioria das restingas do Nordeste. No entanto, devido à incipiência dos estudos na Região não foram verificadas espécies endêmicas.

The high biodiversity and richness of the coastal zone make it an important ecosystem to be preserved. The aim of this study is to list the species composition of the restinga area (147 ha.) of Paiva beach, in Cabo de Santo Agostinho-Pernambuco (08º07'30"S and 35º00'55"W) and describe the physiognomies. Floristic survey was carried out for 28 months for all strata. The soil was classified as Quartzarenic Neosoil and two physiognomies were determined: unflooded forest and unflooded open shrubby vegetation. One hundred-twenty-four species were recorded, distributed in 103 genera and 55 families. The families with the highest number of species were: Myrtaceae (11), Cyperaceae (10), Fabaceae (8), Euphorbiaceae (7), Rubiaceae (6) and Asteraceae (5). Anacardium occidentale, Byrsonima sericea, Chamaecrista ramosa, Marlierea schotti, Myrcia rotundifolia, Protium heptaphyllum and Tapirira guianensis are generally found in the majority of the sandy coastal plain in northeastern Brazil. However, due to insufficient studies, endemic species were not detected.

Este trabalho consiste no levantamento das espécies dos gêneros Zanthoxylum e Esenbeckia ocorrentes em Pernambuco. Foi baseado nos caracteres morfológicos das espécies obtidas em campo e nos materiais de 16 herbários brasileiros. Foram registradas nove espécies de Zanthoxylum: Z. caribaeum Lam., Z. fagara (L.) Sarg., Z. gardneri Engl., Z. hamadryadicum Pirani, Z. monogynum A. St.-Hil., Z. petiolare A. St.-Hil & Tul., Z. rhoifolium Lam., Z. stelligerum Turcz. e Z. syncarpum Tul. Para Esenbeckia foram verificadas cinco espécies: E. almawillia Kaastra, E. febrifuga (A. St.-Hil.) Juss. ex Mart., E. garandiflora Mart., E. leiocarpa Engl. e E. pilocarpoides Kunth. Para reconhecimento das espécies são apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, distribuição geográfica, comentários e nomes vulgares.

This work is a survey of the species of Zanthoxylum and Esenbeckia occuring in the State of Pernambuco. It was based on morphological characters of the species obtained during field trips and of specimens from 16 Brazilian herbaria. Nine species were recorded for Zanthoxylum: Z. caribaeum Lam., Z. fagara (L.) Sarg., Z. gardneri Engl., Z. hamadryadicum Pirani, Z. monogynum A. St.-Hil., Z. petiolare A. St.-Hil & Tul., Z. rhoifolium Lam., Z. stelligerum Turcz., and Z. syncarpum Tul. Esenbeckia comprised five species: E. almawillia Kaastra, E. febrifuga (A. St.Hil.) Juss. ex Mart., E. grandiflora Mart., E. leiocarpa Engl., and E. pilocarpoides Kunth. Identication keys, descriptions, ilustrations, geographic distribution, common names, and comments on the species are presented.